20 August 2021: Original Paper
Color Doppler Ultrasound and Hemodynamics for Evaluating Graft Dysfunction in Recurrent Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy
Jin Zhang 12ABCDEF* , Guo-Dong Chen 2ABCEF* , Jiang Qiu 2AFG* , Yang Tan 3ABCD , Guo-Chang Liu 1AFG , Li-Zhong Chen 2AG , Wei Jia 1ABD , Wen Fu 1ABD , Chang-Xi Wang 2AGDOI: 10.12659/AOT.931736
Ann Transplant 2021; 26:e931736
Table 4 Predictive factors related to histopathological injury in recurrent IgAN.
| Predictive factors | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age (years) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 0.01 | – | 0.60 |
| Disease time (years)* | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) | 0.07 | – | – |
| Waiting time (months)** | 0.4 (1.2–1.1) | 0.08 | – | – |
| SBP (mmHg) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 0.80 | – | – |
| DBP (mmHg) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 0.88 | – | – |
| 24-h urinary protein (g/24 h) | 2.0 (1.3–3.0) | 2.1 (1.2–3.5) | 0.01 | |
| Urinary RBC count (u/ml) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 0.40 | ||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 0.27 | ||
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 0.83 | ||
| LDL (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.7–1.5) | 0.75 | ||
| ALB (g/L) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.78 | ||
| Therapeutic regimen | ||||
| MPP(%) | 2.1 (0.8–5.9) | 0.14 | – | – |
| Tonsillectomy (%) | 0.7 (0.3–2.0) | 0.58 | – | – |
| ACEIs used (%) | 2.5 (0.6–10.9) | 0.21 | – | – |
| Change in cortical thickness (cm)# | 5.6 (0.8–37.9) | 0.08 | – | – |
| Echo enhancement (%) | 17.3 (4.6–64.5) | 13.6 (2.7–68.4) | ||
| Change in blood flow distribution (I–V) | ||||
| 0 | – | 0.50 | – | – |
| I | 2.3 (0.6–8.8) | 0.24 | – | – |
| II | – | 0.99 | – | – |
| MRA | ||||
| EDV1–EDV2 (cm/s) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | – | 0.12 | |
| RI1/RI2 | 0.1 (0.1–2.6) | 0.05 | – | – |
| SRA | ||||
| EDV1–EDV2 (cm/s) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.01 | |
| RI1/RI2 | 0.1 (0.1–0.7) | 0.04 | – | 0.63 |
| IRA | ||||
| EDV1–EDV2 (cm/s) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | – | 0.85 | |
| RI1/RI2 | 0.1 (0.1–0.6) | 0.03 | – | 0.54 |
| ARA | ||||
| EDV1–EDV2 (cm/s) | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) | 0.16 | – | – |
| RI1/RI2 | 0.1 (0.1–0.4) | 0.02 | – | 0.80 |
| HR – hazard ratio; CI – confidence interval; SBP – systolic blood pressure; DBP – diastolic blood pressure; GFR – estimated glomerular filtration rate; MPP – methylprednisolone pulse; ACEIs – angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; EDV – end diastolic velocity; RI – resistance index. * The time from transplantation to the onset of initial symptoms; ** the time from the onset of initial symptoms to biopsy. # The change from baseline level to the level at the time of biospy, the same definition for following indexes. | ||||