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31 January 2020 : Original article  

Clinical Features and Long-Term Outcomes of Living Donors of Liver Transplantation Who Developed Psychiatric Disorders

Masato Shizuku12CE, Hideya Kamei1AC*, Hiroyuki Kimura3BDF, Nobuhiko Kurata1B, Kanta Jobara1B, Atsushi Yoshizawa1B, Kanako Ishizuka3B, Aoi Okada3B, Shinichi Kishi3B, Norio Ozaki3AD, Yasuhiro Ogura1D

DOI: 10.12659/AOT.918500

Ann Transplant 2020; 25:e918500

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In the field of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), it is important to ensure donor’s psychological well-being. We report on clinical features and long-term outcomes of LDLT donors who developed psychiatric disorders after their donor operations. Additionally, we compare patient backgrounds, as well as surgical and perioperative aspects between LDLT donors with and without postoperative psychiatric complications.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between November 1998 and March 2018, we identified 254 LDLT donors at our hospital. Among these, we investigated those who had newly developed psychiatric complications and required psychiatric treatment after donor operation.

RESULTS: The median duration of follow-up was 4 years. Sixty-five donors were lost to follow-up. Eight donors (3.1%) developed postoperative psychiatric complications, including major depressive disorder in 4, panic disorder in 2, conversion disorder and panic disorder in 1, and adjustment disorder in 1. The median duration from donor surgery to psychiatric diagnosis was 104.5 days (range, 12 to 657 days) and the median treatment duration was 18 months (range, 3 to 168 months). Of those, 3 donors required psychiatric treatment over 10 years, and 4 donors remained under treatment. The duration of hospital stay after donor operation was significantly longer and perioperative complications with Clavien classification greater than grade IIIa were more frequent in donors with psychiatric complications than in those without psychiatric complications (P=0.02 and P=0.006, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment for psychiatric disorders by psychiatrists and psychologists are important during LDLT donor follow-up. Minimization of physiological complications might be important to prevent postoperative psychiatric complications in LDLT donors.

Keywords: Liver Transplantation, Living Donors, Long-Term Care, Psychotic Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Major, Hepatectomy, panic disorder, Postoperative Complications, young adult

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Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358
Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358