14 December 2018 : Original article
Healthcare Resource Use, Cost, and Sick Leave Following Kidney Transplantation in Sweden: A Population-Based, 5-Year, Retrospective Study of Outcomes: COIN
Bengt von Zur-Mühlen1ABE*, Viktor Wintzell23ABCDE, Aaron Levine2CE, Mats Rosenlund24ABDE, Suzanne Kilany5ABDE, Sara Nordling5ABDE, Jonas Wadström6ABDEDOI: 10.12659/AOT.911843
Ann Transplant 2018; 23:852-866
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Improved understanding of the impact of kidney transplantation on healthcare resource use/costs and loss of productivity could aid decision making about funding allocation and resources needed for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in stage 5.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study utilizing data from Swedish national health registers of patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Primary outcomes were renal disease-related healthcare resource utilization and costs during the 5 years after transplantation. Secondary outcomes included total costs and loss of productivity. Regression analysis identified factors that influenced resource use, costs, and loss of productivity.
RESULTS: During the first year after transplantation, patients (N=3120) spent a mean of 25.7 days in hospital and made 21.6 outpatient visits; mean renal disease-related total cost was €66,014. During the next 4 years, resource use was approximately 70% (outpatient) to 80% (inpatient) lower, and costs were 75% lower. Before transplantation, 62.8% were on long-term sick leave, compared with 47.4% 2 years later. Higher resource use and costs were associated with age <10 years, female sex, graft from a deceased donor, prior hemodialysis, receipt of a previous transplant, and presence of comorbidities. Higher levels of sick leave were associated with female sex, history of hemodialysis, and type 1 diabetes. Overall 5-year graft survival was 86.7% (95% CI 85.3–88.2%).
CONCLUSIONS: After the first year following transplantation, resource use and related costs decreased, remaining stable for the next 4 years. Demographic and clinical factors, including age <10 years, female sex, and type 1 diabetes were associated with higher costs and resource use.
Keywords: Cost of Illness, Dialysis, Graft Survival, Registries, Regression Analysis, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
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