13 February 2018 : Original article
Cyclosporin A Aggravates Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Under High-Glucose Conditions with a Calcifying Medium
Dae Hee Kim1BCDE, Keon Cheol Lee2ADF, Sang Youb Han13AEFG*DOI: 10.12659/AOT.908168
Ann Transplant 2018; 23:112-118
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Vascular calcification (VC) progresses substantially even after kidney transplantation, and is a predictor of morbidity and mortality. However, the effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) on VC has not been reported in diabetic kidney transplant patients. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CsA on the VC of mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) under high glucose (HG).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: To demonstrate the effect of CsA (1.0 µmol/L) and HG (30 mM) in the induction of the VC of the VSMCs, we determined alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, microscopic morphology of calcification, the expressions of the calcification and inflammation-related genes, and the intracellular calcium concentrations in VSMCs.
RESULTS: Calcification was observed 14 days after exposure to a calcifying medium (sodium phosphate monobasic and dibasic mixture). On microscopic morphology, CsA alone did not induce calcification under HG conditions, but clearly increased calcification under HG with a calcifying medium. ALP activity increased under HG with CsA or a calcifying medium compared to HG conditions alone. CsA increased ALP activity under low glucose (LG, 5.5 mM) with a calcifying medium, but markedly increased under HG with a calcifying medium. CsA significantly increased the mRNA expressions of the calcification markers (core binding factor-alpha 1, bone morphologic proteins 2) as well as those of the inflammatory marker (interleukin 6), under HG with a calcifying medium. Intracellular calcium concentrations were unchanged in CsA alone but significantly increased with the presence of a calcifying medium under both LG and HG conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: Considering the effect of CsA on VC, the vascular adverse effects of CsA need to be verified in diabetic transplant patients in the future.
Keywords: Cyclosporine, Diabetes Complications, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Transplantation, vascular calcification
In Press
15 Mar 2024 : Review article
Approaches and Challenges in the Current Management of Cytomegalovirus in Transplant Recipients: Highlighti...Ann Transplant In Press; DOI: 10.12659/AOT.941185
18 Mar 2024 : Original article
Does Antibiotic Use Increase the Risk of Post-Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus? A Retrospective Study of R...Ann Transplant In Press; DOI: 10.12659/AOT.943282
20 Mar 2024 : Original article
Transplant Nephrectomy: A Comparative Study of Timing and Techniques in a Single InstitutionAnn Transplant In Press; DOI: 10.12659/AOT.942252
28 Mar 2024 : Original article
Association Between FEV₁ Decline Rate and Mortality in Long-Term Follow-Up of a 21-Patient Pilot Clinical T...Ann Transplant In Press; DOI: 10.12659/AOT.942823
Most Viewed Current Articles
05 Apr 2022 : Original article
Impact of Statins on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Living-Donor Liver TransplantationDOI :10.12659/AOT.935604
Ann Transplant 2022; 27:e935604
12 Jan 2022 : Original article
Risk Factors for Developing BK Virus-Associated Nephropathy: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study of ...DOI :10.12659/AOT.934738
Ann Transplant 2022; 27:e934738
22 Nov 2022 : Original article
Long-Term Effects of Everolimus-Facilitated Tacrolimus Reduction in Living-Donor Liver Transplant Recipient...DOI :10.12659/AOT.937988
Ann Transplant 2022; 27:e937988
15 Mar 2022 : Case report
Combined Liver, Pancreas-Duodenum, and Kidney Transplantation for Patients with Hepatitis B Cirrhosis, Urem...DOI :10.12659/AOT.935860
Ann Transplant 2022; 27:e935860