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28 November 2017 : Original article  

Clinical Implication of Mycophenolic Acid Trough Concentration Monitoring in Kidney Transplant Patients on a Tacrolimus Triple Maintenance Regimen: A Single-Center Experience

Jinsoo Rhu1ABCDEF*, Kyo Won Lee1ABD, Hyojun Park1ACDE, Jae Berm Park1ADE, Sung Joo Kim1ABCDEF, Gyu Seong Choi1BC

DOI: 10.12659/AOT.906041

Ann Transplant 2017; 22:707-718

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to analyze the clinical implications of mycophenolic acid trough concentration monitoring.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected data of patients with mycophenolic acid trough concentration monitoring after their first kidney transplant between November 2006 and March 2015 who were prescribed tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and methylprednisolone. Analyses were performed on 3 periods: 1 month, 1 month to 1 year, and after 1 year post-transplantation. To analyze factors related to acute cellular rejection, logistic regression was used for 1 month, while Cox analysis was used during 1 month to 1 year and after 1 year post-transplantation.

RESULTS: In the 145 patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil, mean tacrolimus trough ≥7.0 ng/mL (OR=0.177, CI=0.060–0.524, p=0.002) and mean mycophenolic acid trough ≥1.7 mg/L (OR=0.190, CI=0.040–0.896, p=0.036) were protective for rejection during 1 month. Mean mycophenolic acid trough ≥1.7 mg/L (HR=0.179, CI=0.040–0.806, p=0.025) and ≥0.7 mg/L (HR=0.142, CI=0.028–0.729, p=0.019) were related to better rejection-free survival during 1 month to 1 year and after 1 year, respectively. In 399 patients receiving enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium, mean tacrolimus trough ≥7.0 ng/mL (OR=0.258, CI=0.131–0.507, p<0.001) and mean mycophenolic acid trough ≥2.1 mg/L (OR=0.507, CI=0.264–0.973, p=0.041) were protective for rejection during 1 month. Mean mycophenolic acid trough ≥1.7 mg/L (HR=0.519, CI=0.289–0.932, p=0.028) and ≥0.7 mg/L (HR=0.208, CI=0.072–0.602, p=0.004) were related to better rejection-free survival during 1 month to 1 year and after 1 year, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Mycophenolic acid trough concentration monitoring can be useful in preventing acute cellular rejection in patients receiving tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and methylprednisolone.

Keywords: Immunosuppression, Kidney Transplantation, Mycophenolic Acid, Tacrolimus

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Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358
Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358