Background: There are only few reports about the use of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) for the treatment of traumatic liver injury. This study aimed to study the therapeutic effect of fluorescence-labeled BMSCs administered to rats subject to traumatic liver injury.
Material/Methods: Male SD rats with a 70% resection of the liver were injected with feridex-labeled BMSCs which could be induced to functional hepatocytes in vitro. Liver function was assayed and the liver scanned by 1.5-T MRI at 12 hrs and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 post-operation. The pathological changes of liver sections were monitored.
Results: The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, direct bilirubin, and total bilirubin in the transplantation group were significantly lower than the control group. The MRI showed rats of the transplantation group had an oval low signal area at 12 hr after operation; the low signal range gradually expanded and the signal intensity gradually decreased over 14 days after operation. The low signal range in the control group disappeared 12 hr after the operation. After Prussian blue staining, rats of the transplantation group contained blue granules with no significant hypertrophy or edema in hepatocytes, while the control group showed no blue granules with significant hypertrophy and edema.
Conclusions: The BMSCs transplanted into the injured rat liver gradually migrate to the surrounding liver tissue and partially repair the liver surgical injury in rats. BMSCs may represent an effective therapeutic approach for acute liver injury.

Keywords: Magnetic Phenomena, Liver Function Tests, Liver Diseases - therapy, Liver - surgery, Hepatocytes - pathology, Hepatectomy, Dextrans - metabolism, Cell Shape, Cell Separation, Cell Membrane - metabolism, Biological Markers - metabolism, Bilirubin - metabolism, Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood, Alkaline Phosphatase - blood, Alanine Transaminase - blood, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetite Nanoparticles, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology, Staining and Labeling